THE TUSKEGEE EXPERIMENT/Jeru the Damaja~...Come Clean

[Pragmatic]

YouTube - THE TUSKEGEE EXPERIMENT

YouTube - THE TUSKEGEE EXPERIMENT

YouTube - Jeru The Damaja - Come Clean

YouTube - Jeru The Damaja - Come Clean

YouTube - Peter Piper, Eric B. is president, Make the music with your mouth Biz... - Funkmaster Flex (Part 1)

YouTube - Peter Piper, Eric B. is president, Make the music with your mouth Biz... - Funkmaster Flex (Part 1)

YouTube - 1/11 - Racism / White Supremacy(The Isis Papers) Dr. Frances Cress Welsing

YouTube - 1/11 - Racism / White Supremacy(The Isis Papers) Dr. Frances Cress Welsing

The Sacred Wisdom Tehuti '' Thoth ''

The Sacred Wisdom Tehuti '' Thoth '' - Black People | African Americans | Destee
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IssaEl21

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[Pragmatic]

"Talk about being hated on..., whew: A brief look at syphillis and it's origins


..."In late 1494, King Charles VIII of France besieged Naples. In his army were Spanish mercenaries as well as soldiers of fortune from nearly every country in Europe.1 Shortly after the fall of the city, syphillis became widespread throughout the army and Italy. When this new disease first appeared in Charles' Army, those French troops showing evidence of syphilis were returned to their homeland and without doubt served to spread the infection en route.

*(1 Syphillis was said to be already present among the Neapolitans.)

Scholars adhering to the Pre-Columbian Theory affirm . . . just as vehemently that syphilis as been present in Europe prior to the voyage of Columbus but was *1. Unrecognized, confused with other diseases (probably leprosy), or was present in a much milder form.

Hudson (?). . . . and others . . . ."feel" that the infection probably originated in Central Africa as a yaws-like illness, and was eventually introduced into Europe by travelers and traders.

*NOTE: Let's stop here. Because that "feeling" Hudson and the others had was quite possibly an inclination towards the early founders of Europe. Because an Ancient group of people known as "Suebians" and *the Pickwits remain, in most part, contributenal and significant portion of history of the early formation of Europe and Europeans (*withstanding the spread of diseases, unlikely, which since not only were Continental Africans "unpromicious", and communal with other tribes intermarring frequently and for centuries prior. But looked down on livasiousness, and lewdty, among men and women alike. Rather than that, had been better known as master healers for the world abroad; So adept at healing "Papyus Scrolls" dating back to to 3000 B.C. in Kemet namely, The Edwin Smith Papyrus is the only surviving copy of part of an Ancient Egyptian textbook on trauma surgery. It is among the world's earliest surviving examples of medical literature, the Kahun Gynecological Papyrus being older, and is the world's oldest surgical document. Written in the hieratic script of the ancient Egyptian language around the 16th century BC,^[1] it is based on material from a thousand years earlier.^[2] This brief document, the entire translation of which can be seen online, [1] consists of a list of 48 traumatic injury cases, each with a description of the physical examination, treatment and prognosis.)

The Suebian Dynasty, were considered the first Roman Empire and were, by all definition Black (*swarthy), and were scattered all through Europe. (Some with there throats cut).

Caesar noted, "that all men of any rank and dignity in Gaul were included either among the druids or among the nobles (equites/Suebians)", indicating that they formed two classes. The druids constituted the "learned priestly class" (disciplina), and as guardians of the unwritten ancient customary law, they had the power of executing judgments, among which exclusion from society was the most dreaded. Druids were not a hereditary caste, though they enjoyed exemption from military service as well as from payment of taxes. The course of training to which a novice had to submit was protracted.

Writers such as Diodorus Siculus and Strabo, with less firsthand experience than Caesar and relying on lost writings, wrote about the role of druids in Gallic society. Diodorus divided the learned classes into bards, soothsayers and druids (whom he said were philosophers and theologians). Strabo echoed this division, labeling them druids (moral philosophy and the workings of nature), bards, and vates (soothsayers, and experts in natural science). It was these different roles that lie behind the name of the Neo-Druid organisation OBOD (Order of Bards, Ovates and Druids). Both reported that Druids were held in such respect that if they intervened between two armies they could stop the battle.^[17]

In Strabo, we find the druids still acting as arbiters in public and private matters, but they no longer dealt with cases of murder. Strabo suggests that druids were "the most just of men."^[18]


Caesar noted the druidic doctrine of the original ancestor of the tribe, whom he referred to as Dispater, or Father Hades. Caesar also reported that druids could punish members of Celtic society by a form of "excommunication", preventing them from attending religious festivals.^{[citation needed]}



Pictures of our "swarthy" ancestors are preserved better known as "Bog bodies".

The Tollund Man on display at the Silkeborg Museum, Denmark

The Grauballe Man

On the last Saturday of April, 1952, a shovel of one peat cutter struck the head of Grauballe Man near village of Grauballe in Denmark (Deem 1998: 1). Archaeology Professor P.V. Glob of the Moegard Museum of Prehistory and other experts on bog bodies were called in from the Aarhus Museum by the local doctor (Deem 1998: 1 & Brothwell 1987: 11). Glob instructed workers in removing the peat from one side of the body to draw and photograph, then “sheets of corrugated metal were driven into the ground beside and under the body so that it could be carried away form the site still encased in its own block of peat” (Deem 1998: 2).



Bog Bodies: General Bog Bodies




Roman writers regularly discuss the practice of human sacrifice. Gruesome reports of druidic practices appear in Latin histories and poetry, including Lucan, Julius Caesar, Suetonius and Cicero^[11] Human sacrifice was the reason why druidism, unlike other national religions within the empire, was outlawed under Tiberius.Diodorus Siculus asserts, on unnamed sources, that a sacrifice acceptable to the Celtic gods had to be attended by a druid, for they were the intermediaries. He also claims that before a battle they often threw themselves between two armies to bring about peace. Diodorus remarks upon the importance of prophets in druidic ritual: "These men predict the future by observing the flight and calls of birds and by the sacrifice of holy animals: all orders of society are in their power... and in very important matters they prepare a human victim, plunging a dagger into his chest; by observing the way his limbs convulse as he falls and the gushing of his blood, they are able to read the future." Archaeological excavations at Ribemont in Picardy, France and at Gournay-sur-Aronde carried out by Jean-Louis Brunaux in the late 1990s were interpreted by Brunaux as human sacrifices, but the British archaeologist Martin Brown has suggested that these might be war memorials honouring the dead for their courage.^[12]At a bog in Lindow, Cheshire, England was discovered a body, designated the "Lindow Man", which may also have been the victim of a druidic ritual, but it is just as likely that he was an executed criminal or a victim of violent crime.^[13] The body is now on display at the British Museum, London.Lindow Man

The Fascinating Story of Bogs: Their role in Preservation
seen in the above picture of Tollund Man or Ancient Suebian according to Suebian knot found in his head

Bogs

As if he had been poured
in tar, he lies
on a pillow of turf
and seems to weep
the black river of himself.
The grain of his wrists
is like bog oak,
the ball of his heel
like a basalt egg.
His instep has shrunk
cold as a swan's foot
or a wet swamp root.
His hips are the ridge
and purse of a mussel,
his spine an eel arrested
under a glisten of mud.
The head lifts,
the chin is a visor
raised above the vent
of his slashed throat
that has tanned and toughened.
The cured wound
opens inwards to a dark
elderberry place.
Who will say 'corpse'
to his vivid cast?
Who will say 'body'
to his opaque repose?
And his rusted hair,
a mat unlikely
as a foetus's.
I first saw his twisted face
in a photograph,
a head and shoulder
out of the peat,
bruised like a forceps baby,
but now he lies
perfected in my memory,
down to the red horn
of his nails,
hung in the scales
with beauty and atrocity:
with the Dying Gaul
too strictly compassed
on his shield,
with the actual weight
of each hooded victim,
slashed and dumped. by Seamus Heaney



For good measure here are some pictures of Mummifications and a brief description of its process:

Mummification is the preservation of the body of a dead person or animal. The Egyptians were absolute masters at this craft. It not known exactly when this practice first began, but there is evidence dating back to the Pre-Dynastic Period showing bodies in fetal positions placed in shallow graves or tombs and mummified by the sand, intense sun and heat. During the New Kingdom is when the art is truly perfected as shown by the pictures below:




The process of mummification is complex. There are actually 70 steps which need to be carried out over 70 days. The main stages are as follows:

• 1. Removal of the brain through the nostrils
  2. Removal of the intestines through an incision in the side
  3. Sterilization of the body and intestines
  4. Treating, cleaning, dehydrating the intestines
  5. Packing the body with natron (a natural dehydrating agent) and leaving for 40 days
  6. Removal of the natron agent
  7. Packing the limbs with clay or sand
  8. Packing the body with linen (soaked in resin), myrrh and cinnamon
  9. Treating the body with ointments and finally wrapping with a fine linen gauze, not less than 1000 square yards

Finally the body or mummy was placed in a coffin, usually in the shape of the corpse. Sometimes several coffins were placed one inside the other, and then these were in turn placed inside a stone sarcophagus. The internal organs, such as the stomach, intestines, and liver were mummified as well and then placed in canopic jars made of alabaster. The jars were then placed near the sarcophagus in the tomb or in some cases between the legs of the mummy itself. The process of mummification was usually for the wealthy such as royalty, nobles, or scribes. The poorer people merely wrapped their deceased in linen and placed in shallow graves in the sand.

(* I know what your saying..."If the Egyptians were so smart as they say, "Why didn't they just use peat moss?" "Would have saved them a hunch bunch of time and trouble...)

King Tut




Ramesses II
Pa-Ib *(2,500 years ago)

When I descended to give information ////// from the bend, behold, Iri [came (?)] from the court, [as I (?)] came, to embalm the count, wearer of the royal seal, sole companion, ritual priest, this Mekhu. He brought /// /// embalmers, the chief ritual priest, jmj-wab, /// sHD, the mourners and all offerings of the [White (?)] House. He brought festival oil from the double White House and secret things from the double wab.t-house (i.e. pure house), /// /// from the aHA-house, clothing of the double White House, and all burial equipment which is issued from the court, like the issuance for the hereditary prince, Meru.

Inscriptions of Sebni, 6th dynasty

Queen Nodjmet, consort of Herihor
The eyes had been covered with wax plates which the researchers removed. The artificial eyeballs inserted underneath the eyelids are made of black and white stones.
G. Elliot Smith, plate LXX

The particularly well-preserved New Kingdom mummy of Rai

G. Elliot Smith, plate VI

Mummification
Mummification in Bronze Age Britain

By David Keys
The remains of a mummy found at Cladh Hallan


According to sensational archaeological discoveries currently being made in Scotland, Bronze Age Britons were practising the art of mummification at the same time as 'mummy culture' was in full swing in Pharaonic Egypt. It appears that ancient Britons invented this skill for themselves - as David Keys explains

The remains of a mummy found at Cladh Hallan

Egyptian Way of Mummification

Herodotus reports that the abdominal incision was sewn up, but there is little evidence of that having happened. More frequently the opening was covered up with a tablet of wax or, in the case of the pharaohs, of gold ^[6].

Queen Nodjmet, consort of Herihor
The eyes had been covered with wax plates which the researchers removed. The artificial eyeballs inserted underneath the eyelids are made of black and white stones.
G. Elliot Smith, plate LXX

The Mummified Remains of Asru

One of the most medically studied mummies is that of a lady called, Asru. She was a Chantress at the Karnak Temple complex which is dedicated to the god, Amun, in around 1000-700BC (Third Intermediate Period). She is currently displayed at the Manchester Museum, where she’s been since 1825. Before being donated to the museum, however, Asru had already been unwrapped (probably in the early 19th century); this made her a perfect candidate for scientific study, as there were no linen bandages obstructing the way to obtaining good tissue samples. Even though the tests that were conducted don’t tell us much about mummification techniques during that time, it does provide a much greater understanding of how people lived in ancient Egypt. The tests showed that her lungs contained a hydatid cyst and damage caused by inhaling too much sand, which would’ve caused her chest pains and difficulty in breathing. Asru would’ve also experienced chronic back pain due to osteoarthritis, a fractured vertebra and slipped disk. The chantress may have died from guinea worm disease as there was evidence of this in her intestines, or possibly from shistosomiasis which was made obvious from X-ray images that show clear calcification of her bladder wall. Even with these complaints Asru lived to a ripe age of around 50-60 years old. Evidently, even though working in a temple was likely a good living in ancient Egypt, she suffered from many ailments that would’ve caused her much pain.

A reconstruction of Asru's skull was also made

[Above two photos are of Asru, from the Manchester Museum, United Kingdom]

This Egyptian papyrus from about 1552 B.C. is the oldest preserved medical document. It measures about 20.23 m in length and 30 cm. in height. More complete than the Edwin Smith papyrus, it is the most important medical papyrus yet recovered. It is written in hieratic script and contains the most complete record of Egyptian medicine known. The 110 pages scroll contains 700 magical formulas and folk remedies meant to cure afflictions ranging from crocodile bite to toenail pain and to rid the house of such pests as flies, rats, and scorpions. The papyrus contains chapters on intestinal disease, helminthiasis, ophthalmology, dermatology, gynecology, obstetrics, pregnancy diagnosis, contraception, dentistry, and the surgical treatment of abscesses, tumors, fractures and burns. The Egyptians say that a depressed skull fracture looked like a puncture in a pottery jar. It also includes a surprisingly accurate description of the circulatory system, noting the existence of blood vessels throughout the body and the hearts function as a centre of the blood supply. It also refers to birth control, diabetes mellitus, trachoma, hookworm and filariasis, as well as forms of arthritis. The papyrus also contains a short section on psychiatry. It describes a condition of severe despondency that is equivalent to our modern definition of depression.

Some believe the papyrus to be a copy of the even more ancient books of Thoth (3000BC), reputed father of medicine, pharmacy and alchemy. It is now in the University of Leipzig library.

Doctors and other medical personnel kept detailed notes (on papyrus) describing the condition encountered, and the treatment applied in all areas of medicine, including gynecology, bone surgery and eye complaints, the latter of which was very frequent in the dry, dusty climate of the country.



http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IO3PmjgmeIE




Oh the pain and agony of living a lie~...




continued...

In Europe syphilis gradually aquired a venereal mode of transmission and many of the clinical characteristics of the present day-disease.

Whatever its origin,...(*?) there can be no question that a great pandemic of syphilis suddenly appeared in all parts of Europe and that by 1497 the disease (syphillis) has appeared even in as remote an area as Scotland.

It was almost immediately recognized as being a "new and previously" "unknown condition", and as early as 1500 many physicians throughout Europe were reporting and describing its symptoms.

In the closing years of the 15th century descriptions of the disease began to appear in the literature of the day.

The first mention of the new disease is found in an edict issued by the Diet of Worms on October 7, 1495. It was referred to as bosen blattern (the evil pox). As early as 1497 mercury was being advocated by at least two physicians, Johannes Widmann and Corradino Gilino, and in 1498 the first major book on syphillis was written by Francisco Lopez de Villalobos. He recognized the venereal mode of transmission and described the skin manifestations and later complications and syphilis. He also deduced the idea of "treatment with mercury" from a study of the old Arabic literature.

excerpt above taken from "Syphilis a synopsis U.S Dept. of Health, Ed. and Rec." 1968 (pg.2)


Now, we just read Europe had been spreading syphillis since 1495, up until the 1930's Tuskegee experiment; that's over 400 years.

We also read that treatment with mercury had been deduced. Here's where the insanity really takes off: "That so great was the preoccupation with "black sexual behavior" in the 19th century, that physicians completely ignored the plight of black infants who were born with disease through no fault of their own. (Jones pg. 23)

Physicians attributed the incidence of syphilis among blacks to "physical inferiority" and sexual promiscuity as intrinsic as "racial characteristics". (Jones pg 23)

Physicians depicted syphilis as the "quintessential black disease". (Jones pg. 24)

Dr. Corson insisted "absolutely indifference is a characteristic of the negro, not only as regards syphilis" and because of "lack of development". (Jones pg.26)

blacks had become in words of one doctor, " a notoriously syphilis-soaked race." Jone p. 27)


"Paul Ehrlich, had created the "magic bullet" - salvarsan, preparation of organic arsenic that was reported to cure syphilis in a week." (jones p.45)

"Dr. J.W. Williams, who was serving his intership at Adrews Hospital at the Tuskegee Ins. in 1932 and assisted in the experiment's clinical work, stated that "neither the interns nor the subjects knew what the study involved." "The people who came in were not told what was being done," Dr. Williams said, " We told them we wanted to test them. They were not told, so far as I know, what they were being treated for or what they were not being treated for." As far as he could tell, the subjects "thought they were being treated for rheumatism or bad stomachs." He did recall administering to the men what he thought were drugs to combat syphilis, and yet he thought back the matter, Dr. Williams conjectured that " some may have been a placebo." He was absoluetly certain of one point: "We didn't tell them we were looking for syphilis. I don't think they would have known what that was." (Jones p.5)

Charles Pollard recalls saying recieving a free examination and being told he had "bad blood" and that the physicians never mentioned syphilis to me, not even once. He thought he had been recieving treatment for "bad blood" since the first meeting. "They been doctoring me off and on ever since then, and they gave me blood tonic. (*At this time in the early 1930's treatment consisted of mercury and two arsenic compounds called arsphenamine and neoarsphenamine, known aslo by their generic name, salvarsan). (Jones pg. 5/6)


The twist for me is why were they charging Black folks $5 and $10 dollars a shot for neo-arsphenanmine Salvarsan if they didn't have a cure, and were only "experimenting" with it. The bacterium that causes syphilis is a spirochete, Treponema pallidum. Arsphenamine is not toxic to spirochetes until it has been converted to an active form by the body. (Jones p.56)

Here's the last one from me, and it always trips me out how comfortable Physicians were with experimenting on human beings.

Dr. Parran recalled tales of sailors in the olden days congregating on deck, sitting on stools formed into a circle, and rubbing each other's bare backs with mercury. With their example in mind he wrote:

"Could the same plan be used here? Get them together in the church, sitting in a circle, have the pastor lead them a spritual, keeping time to the "up-and-down" and "round-and-round" rubbing of mercury into the backs. This was tried, but with indifferent success; partly, someone said, because the pastor thought he didn't get rubbed hard enough." (Jones pg.70)

Just madness~...straight up` insanity


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h9rZEQaWIMg


Peace be upon you






Bad Blood: The Tuskegee Syphilis Experiment,

Amazon

Amazon
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Arsphenamine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bog body - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Old Croghan Man - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Clonycavan Man - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Druid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
mummification - Bing Images#
Edwin Smith Papyrus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ebers' papyrus
Ancient Egyptian Medicine - Smith Papyrus - Ebers Papyrus